The drought tolerance of wheat is a complex process in the respects of plant physiology, in order to charactherise the drought tolerance several parameters have to be taken into consideration together, including the fertilazation and the grain filling process. We used 10daysold wheat plants in our experimental settings as it is wellknown that drought tolerance is developmentally regulated and increases with plant age. Breeding strategies for drought tolerance in wheat authorstream. Proteomic analysis offers a new approach to identify a broad spectrum of genes that are expressed in living systems. A research programme for increasing drought tolerance of wheat should tackle the problem in a multidisciplinary approach, considering interaction between multiple stresses and plant phenology, and integrating the physiological dissection of droughttolerance traits and the genetic and genomics tools, such as quantitative trait loci qtl. In many irrigated regions also, shortage of water supply allows only limited irrigation. The sdsu spring wheat breeding program has never specifically tested its wheat varieties for drought tolerance, according to karl glover, associate professor of.
Selection methods and technologies for drought tolerance 3. Hostmediated microbiome engineering hmme of drought. Crops demonstrate various morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to tackle drought stress. Breeding for drought resistance is further complicated since several types of abiotic stress, such as high temperatures, high irradiance, and nutrient toxicities or deficiencies can challenge crop plants simultaneously. Physiological derivations of drought tolerance in wheat. In another water stress tolerance study in wheat by schonfeld et al. Breeding for drought tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy. Droughttolerance of wheat improved by rhizosphere bacteria. Development of droughttolerant transgenic wheat mdpi. Ramshini4 abstract in order to study the effect of drought stress on morphophysiologic characteristics, yield and yield components of 8 new hybrids of corn zea maize l. When those plants are resistant, they turn out to be droughtresistant. Crops demonstrate various morphological, physiological. The effect on seedling water stress tolerance was abolished by autoclaving the hmme.
In wheat, several metabolomics studies have been performed, such as a targeted metabolite profiling of four wheat cultivars under controlled osmotic stress to show a positive relationship between soluble carbohydrate accumulation and drought tolerance kerepesi and galiba, 2000, glasshousebased drought experiments comparing the temporal. Breeding strategies for drought tolerance in wheat. In recent years, with climate change, drought stress has been witnessed in many parts of the world. Field response of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Physiological responses include closure of stomata, decrease in the activity of photosynthesis, development of oxidative stress, alteration in the integrity of cell wall, production of metabolites which are toxic and cause plants death, signal recognition of roots, turgor loss and adjustment of osmosis, reduction in water. Biotechnology for the development of drought tolerant. Screening of bread wheat genotypes for drought tolerance. Pantoea alhagi, a novel endophytic bacterium with ability. Some plants are naturally adapted to dry conditions, surviving with protection mechanisms such as desiccation tolerance, detoxification, or repair of xylem embolism. We applied a proteomic approach to study changes in wheat grain in response to drought, a major environmental parameter adversely affecting development and crop yield.
Qingwu xues drought tolerance study will produce more biomass and will have a higher yield under. A range of morphological and physiological traits have been linked to drought tolerance in plants, which include root morphology and rooting depth, plant architecture, leaf area, cuticular. Hostmediated microbiome engineering hmme is a strategy that utilizes the host phenotype to indirectly select microbiomes though cyclic differentiation and propagation. Field performance of spring wheat transformed with the mtld gene for drought tolerance. Aug 26, 2003 mycorrhizal plants often have greater tolerance to drought than nonmycorrhizal plants. Crops demonstrate various morphological, physiological, biochemical. Consequently, breeding for drought tolerance requires the integration of various knowledge. Drought stress is one of the leading constraints to wheat triticum aestivum l. Drought tolerance improvement has become a breeders major aim in dry areas. Drought tolerance studies in wheat 5 column of water that exists from the root hairs to the leaf mesophyll. Aug 25, 2016 breeding for drought tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy. Future studies will need to focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in ltyr11z tinduced drought tolerance in wheat. Pdf drought is one of the most important phenomena which limit crops production and yield. Effect of drought stress on the physiology and yield of.
Jan 27, 2017 future studies will need to focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in ltyr11z tinduced drought tolerance in wheat. Droughtresistant crops and varieties some crops and varieties require less water than others once they are established. Other platforms are directed toward herbicide tolerance and biofuel production. Drought and heat stress tolerance screening in wheat using. Elsadek 2 1 agronomy department, college of agriculture, assiut university, assiut 71526, egypt. Effect of drought stress on the physiology and yield of the. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of terminal drought memory drought priming and seed priming in improving drought tolerance in wheat triticum aestivum l. Drought responses of leaf tissues from wheat cultivars of. Pantoea alhagi, a novel endophytic bacterium with ability to. Biotechnology for the development of drought tolerant crops. Application of plant probiotic bacteria also enhances tolerance of wheat plants to drought. Regular article evaluation of drought tolerance indices for wheat triticum aestivum l. Genomewide association study of drought tolerance and biomass allocation in wheat article pdf available in plos one 1412.
Multivariate analysis of drought tolerance in wheat. In wheat, there are several genes which are responsible for drought stress tolerance and produce different types of enzymes and proteins for. Drought tolerance an overview sciencedirect topics. Abstract in the present study, we evaluated the ability of yield based and physiological parameters for identification of drought tolerant bread wheat genotypes. Screening for drought tolerance in iranian wheat genotypes. Droughttolerant wheat on the way successful farming. To locate the genes controlling drought tolerance and screening quantitative indices of drought tolerance, wheat substitution lines of cheyenne donor in the genetic background of chinese spring recipient were tested in a completely randomized block design with three replications under two different water regimes irrigated and rainfed in the. Introduction pakistan is an agriculture based country and its economy about 21% is mainly relying on agriculture production. Drought and salt tolerances in wild relatives for wheat. These conditions have an adverse effect on the productivity of many crops including cereals such as wheat. Field response of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and. Three wheat genotypes differing in genetic background were cultivated in field under wellwatered and drought. High yield, water efficiency of drought tolerant wheat due.
Drought tolerance is the ability to which a plant maintains its biomass production during arid or drought conditions. This study aimed to determine the level of drought tolerance among diverse bread wheat genotypes using agronomic traits and proline analyses and to establish. Thus, increased drought tolerance is a priority objective for wh. Computed tomography offers the opportunity for much faster and more accurate assessment of yield.
Aug 25, 2016 drought stress is one of the leading constraints to wheat triticum aestivum l. Tribe triticeae, including wheat and barley, possesses tremendous potential for drought and salt tolerance that has been extensively and practically identified, tested, and transferred to wheat cultivars with proven expression of tolerance in experimental trials. Physiology and genetics of drought tolerance in cowpea and. Bread wheat, physiological indicators, drought tolerance index, principal component analysis pca. Terminal drought and seed priming improves drought. Morphological derivations of drought tolerance in wheat. This study was conducted to determine the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal am fungi inoculation on growth, grain yield and mineral acquisition of two winter wheat triticum aestivum l. Drought and salinity are the major abiotic stresses that dramatically threaten the food supply in the world. Some examples of conventional breeding programs for drought tolerance are the development of rice, wheat and indian mustard varieties tolerant to salt and to alkali soils by the central soil salinity research institute in karnal, india 3.
This study aimed to determine the level of drought. Mycorrhizal plants often have greater tolerance to drought than nonmycorrhizal plants. The rate of rwc in plants with high water stress tolerance is high relative to susceptible plantscultivars. Genes have been identified which confer drought tolerance and improve plant growth and survival in transgenic wheat. Recent advances in genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic. Pdf genomewide association study of drought tolerance. Therefore, genetics of drought water stress tolerance in different crops has become a priority area. Drought tolerance is a complicated trait which is controlled by polygenes and. Progress 090106 to 083107 outputs we used spring wheat cv. Breeding for increased drought tolerance in wheat csiro publishing.
Evaluation of physiological parameters as a screening. Proteomics uncovers a role for redox in drought tolerance. To locate the genes controlling drought tolerance and screening quantitative indices of drought tolerance, wheat substitution lines of cheyenne donor in the genetic background of chinese spring recipient were tested in a completely randomized block design with three replications under two different water regimes irrigated and rainfed in the agricultural research station of college of. Hence, studies on biomass allocation to roots, shoots and grains are required to identify reliable and stable markers. Characterization of six wheat genotypes for drought tolerance international journal of research granthaalayah, vol. This study aimed to determine the level of drought tolerance among diverse bread wheat genotypes using agronomic traits and proline analyses and to establish correlation of proline content and agronomic traits under drought stress conditions in. The objectives of the present investigation were i to discriminate drought tolerant landraces of bread wheat and ii screening drought tolerance indicators. This will be achieved by assessing agronomic performance in field trials of. In winter wheat, the yield was decreased or changed under drought and,incontrast,thewaterusee ciencywasboosted. Pdf drought tolerance studies in wheat triticum aestivum l.
The improvements in drought tolerance stabilized after 6 rounds of hmme selection and thus 6 rounds of 1. Were screening on a chemical, looking for resistance to a particular chemistry. Drought stress symptom onset delayed from 10 to 15 days. During first growing season, wheat was planted in field under optimal. Computed tomography offers the opportunity for much faster and more accurate assessment of yield components. Yield components and drought resistance are controlled at independent genetic loci, therefore the identification of physiological traits that are responsible for drought tolerance should be considered in the breeding programs 8. Materials and methods twenty landraces of bread wheat triticum aestivum l. Phenotyping wheat for drought tolerance using phenotypic traits knowledge of phenotypic traits contributing to improved yields under stress is fundamental to the understanding of the complex physiological and genetic mechanisms of wheat adaptability reynolds et al. Various methods were designed for screening of wheat genotypes at the seedling stage for drought tolerance.
Terminal drought and seed priming improves drought tolerance. Evaluation of drought tolerance in corn zea mays l. Selection criteria for droughttolerant bread wheat. The vegetables, grains and herbs on the following list were selected from seed catalogs and seed catalog websites that specifically mention the terms droughtresistant or droughttolerant in the variety description.
Molecular plant volume 5 number 2 pages 418429 march 2012 research article drought responses of leaf tissues from wheat cultivars of differing drought tolerance at the metabolite level jairus b. Other plants, specifically crops like corn, wheat, and rice, have become increasingly tolerant to. Mar 10, 2017 improved drought tolerance in wheat plants overexpressing a synthetic bacterial cold shock protein gene secspa. Study relationship of drought tolerance indices in wheat. Resistance to drought is a quantitative trait, with a complex phenotype, often confounded by plant phenology. Plants retain the preceding abiotic stress memory that may aid in attainment of tolerance to subsequent stresses. The gene allows accumulation of mannitol in the transgenic wheat. Plants vegetative and reproductive stages are intensively influenced by drought stress.
Drought tolerance is a complex phenomenon involving mechanisms such as early maturity, avoidance, tolerance, and desiccation tolerance blum, 1988. Drought tolerance studies in wheat triticum aestivum l. Relationships and repeatability of drought tolerance indices. Three wheat genotypes differing in genetic background were cultivated in field. Mar 08, 2007 proteomic analysis offers a new approach to identify a broad spectrum of genes that are expressed in living systems. Drought tolerance is a complicated trait which is controlled by polygenes and their. Thus, increased drought tolerance is a priority objective for wheat breeding programmes, and among their targets, the nac transcription factors have been demonstrated to contribute to plant drought response. Evaluation of drought tolerance screening techniques among. In this experiment, the host phenotype of delayed onset of seedling water deficit stress symptoms was used to infer beneficial microbiomehost interactions over multiple generations. Relationships and repeatability of drought tolerance.
Genetic and genomic tools to improve drought tolerance in wheat. Apr 16, 20 the sdsu spring wheat breeding program has never specifically tested its wheat varieties for drought tolerance, according to karl glover, associate professor of plant science. Erwina, juan juttnerb, thorsten schnurbuschb, peter langridgeb, antony bacica,c,d,e and ute roessnera,e,1 a australian centre for plant functional. In fact, that turns out to be about one in a million. The new durum is a product of the platform that specializes in wateruse efficiency and stress tolerance. A research programme for increasing drought tolerance of wheat should tackle the problem in a multidisciplinary approach, considering interaction between multiple stresses and plant phenology, and integrating the physiological dissection of drought tolerance traits and the genetic and genomics tools, such as quantitative trait loci qtl. Mechanism of drought tolerance avoiding drought is an extremely important adaptation for survival in a water limiting environment.
Improving abiotic stress tolerance in wheat requires large scale screening of yield components such as seed weight, seed number and single seed weight, all of which is very laborious, and a detailed analysis of seed morphology is timeconsuming and visually often impossible. Furthermore, wheat has a structurally intricate and large genome. Proteomics uncovers a role for redox in drought tolerance in. This study aimed to determine the level of drought tolerance among diverse bread wheat genotypes using agronomic traits and proline analyses and to establish correlation of proline content and. During first growing season, wheat was planted in field under optimal wellwatered and drought stress. In next experiment ten genotypes six tolerant and four sensitive.
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